Eaton BR has two model numbers, BR 120, & C 120, for example, the "BR" for the BR line, "C" is for Challenger, with the 3 numbers following the 1st number is the number of poles, & the numbers following for the ampere rating of the breaker, the above example is a single pole 20A breaker, it is...
It will a very good idea to check and comply with the power companies requirements, in addition to NEC compliance, inspector can sign off & they can still refuse to connect if it does not meet PoCo specs.
Furniture changes, no inspector is going let not having the required receptacles in a residence pass, plan check has let a missing required receptacle go through, only to be caught in the final inspection, but omitting all of them on exterior walls is not going to fly. Only way to get around...
You seem to think it is OK for a inspector to make up rules, it's not, it as I said many adopt more stringent rules and as long as it goes through the proper process, like it or not it's the rules, local jurisdiction has combo inspectors & a lot is let go. :( IMHO, more for revenue then safety.
The inspector is not the AHJ, they work for the AHJ, there are jurisdictions that have adopted stricter rules, but they must be adopted, a inspector cannot just make up rules.
If not mentioned in the code it is not required, a inspector cannot pull a requirement out of their azz, red heads being required in MC is strictly a urban legend code, as I said that I use them anyway.
From the Southwire website...
The exception is for a single branch circuit, including a multiwire branch circuit, a feeder still requires a electrode. The exception makes sense when you want to have a 20A circuit to a shed for a light, and/or receptacle(s), for example. Unless somebody was under a very old NEC, a 4-wire...
The inspector has no grounds to fail for no red heads w/ MC, IT IS NOT REQUIRED, check article 330, there is absolutely no mention of them being required, they are required by 320.40 for AC cable.
If in the same structure then not required, but in a separate structure yes they are required, just no bond between the neutral & grounding conductor in the subpanel, & the grounding electrode conductor would land on the ground bar.
It sounds like the garage is detached so unless having 6 or fewer circuits, a main will be required + a grounding electrode, such as a Ufer, AKA a concrete encased electrode, or a couple of ground rods driven at least 6 feet apart.
That is Metal Clad, MC, cable, not BX, Armored Cable, AC, they each have their own code sections & requirements, MC does not require anti short bushings (I use them anyway), but AC does require them to be used.
I agree that either a junction box will have to be used to splice the cable, or...
With the 2017 and older NEC's, only one feeder can be brought to a structure, so 2 sets of feeders will not be code compliant unless you happen to be in one of the 8 States as of this writing, that have adopted the 2020 NEC.
It's a 400A Square D switchboard, but being a NEMA type 1 enclosure exposed to the outdoors is not good. The upper section has current transformers for metering, the section on the right with the handles is a underground pull box, is it single or 3 phase? There is a label but was covered over by...
If the panel is 150A, it does not need 4/0 AL wire, 2/0 AL is fine, that being said 150A & 200A panels cost the same the only increase in cost is the wire. I always considered 150 & 175A residential panels as a oddity, harder to find in a pinch, but things vary regionally too
I would not run MC from a PVC can, only a metallic enclosure, even though the MC armor is not a suitable grounding path, it needs to be bonded at both ends.
Those XO breakers have been obsolete since at least 1960, and even a bit earlier, so getting rid of those would not be a bad idea, and heed the advise above.
It will, I personally do not like direct burial cable & use PVC conduit, 8 AWG THWN copper is good for 50A, 6 AWG THWN is rated for 65A & can have a 70A breaker as long as the load is 65A or less, but there is a big jump in price between a 60A, and a 70A, breaker. A conduit is cheap insurance...
The BR line has been under 4 different brand names, 1st as Bryant, the residential light commercial line of Westinghouse, then they dropped the Bryant name in favor of 2nd Westinghouse, then Eaton bought most of the electrical division of Westinghouse, & folded it into their 3rd, Cutler-Hammer...
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