Depending on the starting method the starting loads vary wildly:
For reciprocating machines there’s a couple of options.
Unloading valves will prevent any back pressure by holding the cylinder head valves open.
Small compressors can start and stop when pressure is reached.
An outlet vent valve on the outlet to atmosphere on start up eases the load.
For screw compressors:
Restrict the inlet. This also provides proportional delivery volumes when running. VSD’s can do the same. The two VSD's I fitted didn’t last long. A screw compressor is designed for a set speed.
We used 2 stage vane compressors. Stage 1, a 300HP motor, stage two a 150HP motor. They were replaced with a 400HP screw.
Any methods of reduced load starting require non-return valves between the HP outlet and the receiver.
The compressors I worked on ranged from 150W to 650KW:
Above about 30KW they are kept running and some form of regulation used.
The bottom line is, what is the starting method?