I take it that your last pic. is the supply to the old light?
In that case, you don't have the usual problem when we get these threads of nine or more wires to sort at the lamp, but it does tell us (from the green sleeving), that the wiring is fairly old, and that the connections between the switch, supply and lamp cables are elsewhere, probably in a junction box.
It's very possible that in disturbing the cable you've pulled a wire from an already loose terminal in that junction box.
In that case, you don't have the usual problem when we get these threads of nine or more wires to sort at the lamp, but it does tell us (from the green sleeving), that the wiring is fairly old, and that the connections between the switch, supply and lamp cables are elsewhere, probably in a junction box.
It's very possible that in disturbing the cable you've pulled a wire from an already loose terminal in that junction box.