An MCB has two main functions:
a) To protect cables and accessories from overheating through overload. This is done by the thermal tripping mechanism of the MCB and follows the same curve for all types. Provided IB<In<Iz all is well and the cable will always be protected, because the characteristics of the cable and MCB are known and matched.
b) To protect cables and accessories from overheating, limit the dissipation of energy at a fault, and limit the duration of shock due to high touch-voltage, by disconnecting faults rapidly. This is done by the magnetic tripping mechanism, and the current threshold at which this takes over from the thermal mechanism depends on the MCB type. In effect, the value of I/In defines the point at which the MCB switches purpose from keeping the cables within ratings to clearing a possibly life-threatening shock fault or imminent fireball ASAP.
In a perfect world, whenever a fault occured, it would be a solid short-circuit of zero resistance that would dissipate no energy and allow a current of Uo/Zs to flow, hence trip an MCB of any permissible type. But in reality, faults are random in nature. Energy is often dissipated in destructive arcing and heating, and the current may not be as high as the Zs would suggest. Therefore, a curve that transitions to instantaneous tripping at a lower I/In may trip faster, reducing exposure to touch voltage and limiting energy dissipation at the fault. Under these conditions, a B-type may offer greater safety, provided it is compatible with the load, which for a mixed domestic load it usually will be.