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Discuss how to upgrade the earthing conductor? in the Talk Electrician area at ElectriciansForums.net

I called the nic technical once after another spark told me i was wrong for leaving 16mm tails and 10mm main earth in service on a 60a tn-s supply when changing a consumer unit, my argument was that the cut out fuse was only a 60a and via calculation these tails an earth were fine then he showed me the page in the osg stating no less than 25mm tails 16mm earth, anyway nic told me i was in the right and osg is presuming its a new installtion in which case would most likely be fused at 100a or greater, and that sizing via calculation is fine. you dont always get the same answer from the technical line it varys form whos answering the question normally.
 
If in doubt, cosult the regs. The OSG is there as a quick approximate reference. Otherwise, what would be the point in having a big red book.
 
If in doubt, cosult the regs. The OSG is there as a quick approximate reference. Otherwise, what would be the point in having a big red book.

Excellent advice, many say the reg's are ambiguous but they allow the use of engineering principles rather than a black and White thou shall or shalt not.
The adiabatic is a perfect example and anyone carrying out periodic inspections should be familiar with it.
 
calm down guys, let me explain before you get further, i certainly know the difference between the two systems, but when you are on site, it is difficult to tell the difference between them, i know you guys are very experienced, but from on site guide i dont think it is very obvious and enough to make everyone can identify them immediately, so why not be more patient and more constructive?

Fella, let's make something pretty clear right off.

The term "just finished an inspection" implies that you have just completed a periodic inspection on a system. In oder to have done that, the general level of experience would be something around the level of C&G 2391.

To obtain C&G 2391, you would certainly know how to tell the difference between one earthing arrangement and another - that's basic stuff.

It is NOT difficult to tell the differences between an earthing system either on site, or from the OSG - the differences are VERY clear, and for good reason. Again, it really is BASIC stuff.

Most of your respondees have been very patient with you. And they have asked especially constructive questions, given that one key requirement for an electrician engaged on test and inspection is the ability to think, and to reason through a given situation.

There's another angle to this.

Wandering in with the view that on the face of things you're claiming a knowledge on one hand, that your statements aren't backing up on the other, is only going to get you incredulous responses.

Had you come in and said something like "Fellas, I'm out of my depth here - I've been asked to complete a PIR and I haven't got a clue how to do it" would have got you far more helpful responses, since that's the impression you have ACTUALLY created, in any case, but with the emphasis on blagging a test which could have potentially disastrous, if not fatal results if wrong.

Page 15 of the OSG shows you a TN-C-S system VERY clearly, in colour, and the other two systems you're likely to come across are equally clearly shown on P16.

If you actually look, you can see the differences. And they are clear.

It isn't to cause offence that people are asking what qualifications you actually have. Mostly, that's for YOUR safety, and that of your customer. Would you throw a hissy fit if we shouted at you when you were about to fall off a ladder, or electrocute yourself?

I'll ask you a simple "what-if" question here to highlight what I mean about danger.

What if you carried on and disconnected that supplier earth in preparation to upgrade it - for any reason.

What if, as is likely, the supplier cut out is locked and tagged against unauthorised removal - so you don't remove it, leaving the installation live. After all, it's only an earth, right?

So, what if, while you've got that disconnected, a fault you missed further on in the installation causes all the shiny stainless steel metal work in the bathroom to go live, just as the owner of the house is getting out of the bath they were taking to keep out of your way? Where is their towel? On the shiny exposed metal towel heater. And they're touching it with wet hands and body.

What do you think happens next?


THAT is why we take what we do so seriously. That is why, when someone comes in claiming a certain level of knowledge (inspection and testing) and then falls over on fundamentally basic points, alarm bells ring loudly. And that is why, as professional electricians, we act with pretty well one voice in the way we do.

Perhaps, then, you can leave the hurt and indignation aside for a little while, and be honest about your actual skills and qualifications. Then you might just get the advice and help you need. For everyone's safety.

Do you actually have an on site guide, or BRB, by the way?
 
If in doubt, cosult the regs. The OSG is there as a quick approximate reference. Otherwise, what would be the point in having a big red book.

Totally agreed. As stated before, ultimately, the OSG is INTERPRETATION of the regs, which in themselves can be subjective and open to interpretation in places. Where ANY doubt at all exists, the word of the BRB shalt be the whole of the law.

Most DNO's I've come across have also stated sizing by calculation and distance, with a preferred minimum of 25mm tails on NEW installs, verification of existing on CU changes by calculation.
 
The information is not a secret,but the understanding of the system should be fundamental to any electricianL
limitations are what safety is about, Diyers should limit their work to the level of their understanding
Once they exceed that understanding,any work they carry out could be dangerous
Informing the ignorant of ways to end their existance may not be a sensible action
 
Going back to a point raised earlier gents.
Are we saying it's acceptable to leave the current earthing as is it and reterminate in a MET and link into the CU with 16mm.
Or
Apply the adiabatic equation and work out if it is acceptable according to this.
I'm with brucelee on this one. Yes the OSG is a guide, hoeever there must be reason behind stating these figures in the first place backed by knowledge and reasoning from the regs.
 
That will be a tn-s system and is the suppliers earth to met, so providing you have a ze lower than 0.8 ohms and the consumers earth from the met to the consumer unit is of an adequate size its of no concern to your pir. If on the other hand the small wire is coming straight off the sheath into the consumer unit i usually reterminate into an external met and take a 16mm into the cu it will then satisfy the cert as the consumers main earthing conductor is of the right size. you should neva mess with there incoming cable, if you take a ze reading and it doesnt satisfy you contact the supplier to upgrade hope this may help.

If I was doing a PIR and there was a 6.0mm earth from the cutout to the MET and then a 16mm to the CU,the earth size on the cert would be 6mm, not 16mm.....the 6.0mm will have to carry the same fault current as the 16mm.
 
As I've already stated, sizing of protective conductors is by either SELECTION or CALCULATION!!
If it's a new installation then selection can be applied at the design stage. This chap has attended an already existing installation and is thinking about upgrading the earth when it most likely is not necessary.

If you don't know how to do the adiabatic then say so!!!


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just to come in on this at a late stage on what has obviously been an interesting discussion. It should be remembered that unnecessarily upgrading earths could potentially cause problems in itself as this could lead to higher PEFCs that might exceed the breaking capacity of the protective devices so they can not clear the fault safely. It really should be checked properly and not just immediately assumed that bigger must automatically be better.
 
just to come in on this at a late stage on what has obviously been an interesting discussion. It should be remembered that unnecessarily upgrading earths could potentially cause problems in itself as this could lead to higher PEFCs that might exceed the breaking capacity of the protective devices so they can not clear the fault safely. It really should be checked properly and not just immediately assumed that bigger must automatically be better.
i may be inaccurate here, but theoretically the protective device, usually a 1361, will blow long before the fault current gets anywhere near it's rated breaking capacity of 16kA. it's a very rare occurence for a fault current to develop upstream of the circuit protective devices, although not unknown.
 
Last edited:
As I've already stated, sizing of protective conductors is by either SELECTION or CALCULATION!!
If it's a new installation then selection can be applied at the design stage. This chap has attended an already existing installation and is thinking about upgrading the earth when it most likely is not necessary.

If you don't know how to do the adiabatic then say so!!!


Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk

Fair comment.
But selfishly let me take another view.
A few months ago I started a thread similar to this where I went to a customers house.
British gas where to install a new central heating system but refused to do it cause the main earthing conductor was 4mm straight into the MET on a TNS system.
I'm still in the process of awaiting DNO to come out so it can be changed over.
Now although the Ze was fine and PFC I questioned the inadequacy of the size that would it take the fault current. Would this mean I shouldn't be changing this too and telling British Gas to stop being so silly?
 
Fair comment.
But selfishly let me take another view.
A few months ago I started a thread similar to this where I went to a customers house.
British gas where to install a new central heating system but refused to do it cause the main earthing conductor was 4mm straight into the MET on a TNS system.
I'm still in the process of awaiting DNO to come out so it can be changed over.
Now although the Ze was fine and PFC I questioned the inadequacy of the size that would it take the fault current. Would this mean I shouldn't be changing this too and telling British Gas to stop being so silly?

It would depend completely on the calculation. I can't say yes or no without knowing more.


Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk
 
No no I understand. And I also understand why British Gas weren't happy installing with that behind it and personally I'm happy to upgrade it, also because DNO are going to change it to a PME.
 
i may be inaccurate here, but theoretically the protective device, usually a 1361, will blow long before the fault current gets anywhere near it's rated breaking capacity of 16kA. it's a very rare occurence for a fault current to develop upstream of the circuit protective devices, although not unknown.

BS 1361s have a breaking capacity of 16.5 or 33kA depending on type. Think you might be thinking of the fact that if you have a CU to BS 5486 or BSEN 60439 then the enclosure is rated to withstand high PFCs and you can then record max short circuit capacity as 16kA if you have a BS1361 or BS88 (less than 100A)
I was just making the point that if someone is thinking "oh i'll upgrade the earthing" without full consideration, especially if they have older style CBs or BS3036s, which certainly won't be in such a CU, then they could be opening a can of worms as their short circuit capacity could well be 1, 2, or 3kA.

Must admit i only glanced thru the thread so don't know the full details as to whether a CU upgrade was being considered as well.
 

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