Uummphh can't sleep.
We is the Royal 'We'. Police officers are selected from within our community, not from some far off planet. Consequently they come with their own views, opinions & traits from the section of society they originate from.
Entry is a long process, and eventually there will be only three routes. One being an apprenticeship, the others degree based, not something I quite agree with. It is not just taking a simple test, aka open book multi choice exam such as the current 18th. The process is designed to weed out the inappropriate. Costs a lot of money to train a cop, why waste tax payers money, on someone your gonna have to kick out in time. That said, no process is failproof, and some 'bad ens' get through.
I agree with you that even the best of cops can assume an authoritarian personality or hubris attitude. But thats a unpalatable human personality, not a police officer one.
You've quoted lots of links on police corruption, by my calculations, it amounts to 0.25% of police officers in England & Wales in the last three years. One of the reports you cited said '
Police forces have made significant progress in putting in place the processes to prevent and tackle corruption, according to a report launched today by Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC), and this is in part due to strong leadership being demonstrated by senior police officers'.
Your welcome to your views elsparko, but if you were a cop, I'll reported you to senior officers, like I have done to the mods about some of your posts in other threads. Thats how it works. If you know bent coppers, why don't you do your public duty & report them?
The cops use conflict escalation, except they call it conflict resolution. And it starts off with officer presence, noting that some people (and I'm not just referring to the low life's of society), find just the very presence of a uniformed officer unsettling.
And lastly, I agree with you to arm all police officers would be foolhardy.
Whilst the percentage of officers prepared to carry a firearm has risen in recent times, the percentage 'who believe they and colleagues should be routinely armed' is still low;
Majority of police officers are prepared to carry guns, survey finds - https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/sep/22/one-in-three-uk-officers-want-all-police-to-carry-guns-survey-finds
You might note, that only 23% of police officers, replied to that survey.
See if I can get some sleep now.